Javé, Leão de Betel: imaginário cúltico e história em 2Rs 17
Abstract
A perícope de 2Rs 17.24-33(+34-41) é um texto basilar na reconstrução da história samaritana. Embora o texto não conste no cânon samaritano, ele é o único na Bíblia Hebraica a utilizar a forma gentílica šōmĕrōnîm, que virá a ser utilizado de forma pejorativa, junto ao termo “cutitas” nos embates entre os samaritanos de Gerizim e judaítas. Propomos, portanto, a analisar o texto histórico-literariamente, observando a diacronia do texto e possíveis conexões do relato com a história das deportações assírias e nova formação étnica samaritana. Nossa hipótese é que, embora tenha caráter lendário, a perícope traz um substrato imagético histórico que corresponde às crenças e perspectivas do divino em Samaria, antes de sua queda, cooperando, assim, à reconstrução do culto de Israel.The pericope of 2 Kgs 17.24-33(+34-41) is a fundamental text for the reconstruction of Samaritan history. Although the text do not appear in the Samaritan canon, it is the only Hebrew Bible text to use the gentilic šōmĕrōnîm, that will be use pejoratively, with “Cutites” in the clashes between the Samaritans of Gerizim and the Judaites. We propose, therefore, to historical-literally analyze the text, watching the diachrony of the text and possible relationships with the story of Assyrian deportations and the new ethnical Samaritan formation. Our hypothesis is that, although legendary, the pericope has a historical imaginary that corresponds to the beliefs and divine perspectives of Samaria before its fall, thus cooperating with the reconstruction of the worship of Northern Israel.References
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